Romans 3:23–24

Commentary on Romans 3:23–24 (NKJV)

“for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.”

Context in Romans 3:

In Romans 3, the Apostle Paul continues his discourse on the universal sinfulness of humanity, building on his argument in Romans 1–2. He establishes that neither Jews nor Gentiles are righteous before God by their own works. Romans 3:10–18 underscores the depravity of human nature, quoting from the Old Testament to affirm that no one is righteous, no one understands, and no one seeks God. Paul concludes in Romans 3:19–20 that the Law serves to reveal sin but cannot justify anyone before God. Verses 21–26 pivot to the revelation of God’s righteousness through faith in Jesus Christ, highlighting justification by grace.

Teaching from Romans 3:23–24:

Romans 3:23 encapsulates a foundational doctrine of Christianity: universal human sinfulness. Paul unequivocally states that “all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,” affirming that no individual, regardless of heritage, status, or deeds, can meet God’s standard of holiness. This doctrine of total depravity teaches that every aspect of human nature is tainted by sin, rendering humans incapable of earning salvation on their own (Ephesians 2:1–3).

However, Paul immediately presents the gospel of grace in verse 24: “being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.” Justification is understood as a legal declaration by God in which the sinner is declared righteous solely on the basis of Christ’s atoning work. This justification is freely given—it is not earned but is a gift of God’s grace (Ephesians 2:8–9). The redemption Paul speaks of refers to the sacrificial death of Christ, who paid the penalty for sin and secured the believer’s reconciliation with God.

Insights and Theological Application for Modern Christian Living:

Humility and Repentance:

Understanding the universal reality of sin fosters humility, stripping away any grounds for self-righteousness. Modern Christians are reminded to approach God and others with a spirit of repentance and dependence on His grace.

Grace-Centred Living:

The concept of being “justified freely by His grace” encourages believers to live lives characterised by gratitude and reliance on God’s provision. This challenges the tendency to depend on personal achievements or moral superiority.

Unity within the Church:

The universality of sin and the free offer of grace through Christ serve as a unifying principle within the body of Christ. It discourages judgmentalism and encourages inclusivity, recognising that all stand equally in need of grace.

Proclamation of the Gospel:

Romans 3:23–24 underscores the heart of the gospel message. It calls believers to share the good news of justification and redemption through Christ with a broken world, confident in the power of God to save sinners.

Faith over Works:

This passage reinforces the doctrine of sola fide (faith alone). It challenges modern Christians to place their trust wholly in Christ’s finished work rather than in their own efforts or adherence to religious rituals.

Conclusion:

Romans 3:23–24 is a cornerstone, presenting the sobering reality of human sinfulness alongside the liberating truth of justification by grace through faith in Christ. It challenges believers to live humbly, gratefully, and missionally, embodying the gospel in a way that reflects the glory of God.